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Afamelanotide

Melanotan I, Scenesse

Tier 1 · FDA Approved
Class
MC1R-selective melanocortin agonist
Molecular target
MC1R
Sequence / structure
Ac-Ser-Tyr-Ser-Nle-Glu-His-D-Phe-Arg-Trp-Gly-Lys-Pro-Val-NH2
Evidence tier
Tier 1 — FDA Approved
Category
Melanocortin
Emergency card
Signs something is wrong

Darkening of existing moles is expected with this drug; a mole that changes shape, border or colour, or that bleeds, is not.

What to do now

Get any changing mole checked by a dermatologist — monitoring is part of the approved protocol.

When it is an emergency

Spreading implant-site infection or an allergic reaction → urgent care / 911.

Any injection — every time

Allergic reaction: hives, swelling of the lips, tongue or throat, wheezing or dizziness can escalate to anaphylaxis within minutes — call 911 immediately. Site infection: spreading redness, heat, swelling, pus or fever is not wait-and-see; an abscess or cellulitis can need drainage or IV antibiotics. Unverified product: grey-market vials are frequently mislabelled or contaminated, so a reaction may be to endotoxin or the wrong contents, not the named compound.

This is not permission or instruction to use this compound. It is harm-reduction information for someone who has already decided to, so that a bad reaction is recognised and treated. When in doubt, get help — embarrassment is survivable.

Biology & mechanism

A linear alpha-MSH analog with two substitutions — norleucine at position 4 and D-phenylalanine at position 7 — that confer protease resistance and greatly extended activity. Crucially, it is selective for MC1R, so it drives eumelanin synthesis in melanocytes without the MC4R-mediated appetite, nausea and erectile effects that make melanotan II so unpleasant. Eumelanin absorbs light and quenches free radicals, which is the therapeutic basis in porphyria.

What the research actually shows

Completed proper development. Trials in erythropoietic protoporphyria — a disease in which sunlight causes severe pain — demonstrated increased pain-free time in sunlight. It is delivered as a subcutaneous implant, not an injection.

Regulatory status

FDA-approved since 8 October 2019 as Scenesse, to increase pain-free light exposure in adults with erythropoietic protoporphyria. Prescription-only, administered by a certified provider. It is emphatically not approved as a tanning agent, and the contrast with its unapproved sibling melanotan II is the most instructive pairing in this library: same origin, one took the trials, one did not.

Safety signals

Implant-site reactions, nausea, headache. Melanocytic naevi darken, and monitoring is part of the approved protocol. It does not protect against UV-induced DNA damage in the way a sunscreen does.

Clinical trial dosing — what the studies actually used

Scenesse: a 16 mg subcutaneous implant every two months, placed by a certified provider. FDA-label.

Reported from clinical trials or FDA labelling as a matter of record. It is not a recommendation, and for unapproved compounds no dose has been shown safe or effective in humans.

We report study doses, not protocols

Above is what was administered in trials or on FDA labels, reported as fact. We do not convert it into a personal protocol, calculate a dose for your body weight, or tell you what to inject or how to reconstitute it — that decision belongs with a licensed physician. See our editorial policy.

References & further reading

Regulatory status changes. This page reflects our reading of public sources as of July 2026 and should be independently verified before it is relied upon.

Important notice Forge Bioenergy publishes scientific reference information only. Nothing on this site is medical advice, a therapeutic claim, or a recommendation to use any substance in humans. Many peptides described here are not approved by the FDA for any use, and several are approved only for narrow indications under prescription. We do not publish dosing, administration, or usage protocols. Consult a licensed physician before making any medical decision.